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HIV PATIENT RELATED NURSING QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

A 35-year-old woman Mrs. Mohini G, has had severe watery diarrhea for the past 5 days. Two months ago, she had infectious mononucleosis. She abuses drugs intravenously and is seropositive for HIV. Physical examination shows dehydration and marked muscle weakness.

1. Which of the following laboratory abnormalities is most likely?
A. Decreased serum K+ concentration
B. Decreased serum Ca2+ concentration
C. Increased serum HCO3- concentration
D. Increased serum Na+ concentration
E. Increased serum pH

Answer: D. Increased serum Na+ concentration

 2. In evaluating the cause of the diarrhea, which of the following studies is most appropriate?
A. Colonic biopsy to identify Giardia lamblia
B. Culture of the oral mucosa for Candida albicans
C. Duodenal biopsy to identify Entamoeba histolytica
D. Gastric aspirate to identify Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare
E. Stool specimen to identify Cryptosporidium

 Answer: E. Stool specimen to identify Cryptosporidium
3. Further studies to evaluate her HIV infection show a helper to suppressor T lymphocyte ratio of 0.3.
Which of the following actions of HIV best explains this ratio?
A. Induction of helper T lymphocyte proliferation
B. Induction of suppressor T lymphocyte proliferation
C. Infection of cells with CD4 receptor
D. Infection of macrophages
E. Stimulation of leukotriene synthesis

Answer: C. Infection of cells with CD4 receptor
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